Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: LA-GM-CSF, a Long-Acting Cytokine Mitigates and Prevents H-ARS Mediated Lethality in Mice Exposed to Total Body Gamma Radiation

doi: 10.3390/ijms27094147

Figure Lengend Snippet: Differentially expressing cytokines, chemokines and growth factors in mice administered with LA-GM-CSF (3 mg/kg) 24 h post-TBI. Serum samples collected from mice at days 2, 4, 7, 15, and 30 post-TBI were analyzed with the Luminex assay to measure levels of 23 cytokines, chemokines and growth factors. A non-irradiated, drug-treated group (LA-GM-CSF non-IR) served as a control, with naïve values providing a reference (dotted line). Among the 23 biomarkers tested, six biomarkers (IL-1a ( A , B ), IL-4 ( C , D ), IL-6 ( E , F ), KC ( G , H ), MCP-1 ( I , J ) and G-CSF ( K , L )) showed different levels. Most of these differences were found in male mice, with two specific biomarkers, MCP-1 and KC, also showing different levels in female mice. * p < 0.05, ** p = 0.008, *** p = 0.0002, and **** p < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: Later in the same year, November 2015, a pegylated version of G-CSF, pegfilgrastim, under the trade name Neulasta by Amgen Inc., was approved as a radiomitigator [ ].

Techniques: Expressing, Luminex, Irradiation, Control